Sechishandiso chakajairika mukuita kwekiriniki, multi-parameter yekutarisa murwere imhando yechiratidzo chebhaibheri kwenguva refu, yakawanda-parameter yekuona kwe physiological uye pathological mamiriro evarwere muvarwere vakakomba, uye kuburikidza nechaiyo-nguva uye otomatiki kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa. , kushandurwa panguva yakakodzera kuve ruzivo rwekuona, aramu otomatiki uye kurekodha otomatiki yezviitiko zvinogona kuisa upenyu munjodzi. Pamusoro pekuyera nekutarisa mamiriro emuviri wevarwere, inogona zvakare kutarisa uye kubata nemamiriro evarwere vasati uye mushure memushonga nekuvhiyiwa, kuwana nenguva shanduko yemamiriro evarwere vanorwara zvakanyanya, uye kupa hwaro hwekutanga kuti vanachiremba kunyatsoongorora uye kugadzira zvirongwa zvekurapa, nokudaro zvichideredza zvakanyanya kufa kwevarwere vanorwara zvakanyanya.
Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, zvinhu zvekutarisa zvevazhinji-parameter varwere vanotarisisa zvakawedzera kubva kutenderera system kusvika kukufema, kutya, metabolic uye mamwe masisitimu.Iyo module inowedzerwawo kubva kune inowanzo shandiswa ECG module (ECG), yekufema module (RESP), blood oxygen saturation module (SpO2), noninvasive blood pressure module (NIBP) kune tembiricha module (TEMP), invasive blood pressure module (IBP) , cardiac displacement module (CO), noninvasive continuous cardiac displacement module (ICG), uye kupera-kufema carbon dioxide module (EtCO2) ), electroencephalogram monitoring module (EEG), anesthesia gas monitoring module (AG), transcutaneous gas monitoring module, anesthesia. kudzika kwekutarisa module (BIS), tsandanyama yekuzorodza yekutarisa module (NMT), hemodynamics yekutarisa module (PiCCO), yekufema mechanics module.
Tevere, ichakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvakati kuti kusuma iyo physiological hwaro, musimboti, kusimudzira uye mashandisiro eimwe module.Ngatitangei ne electrocardiogram module (ECG).
1: Iyo nzira yekugadzirwa kwe electrocardiogram
Cardiomyocytes akagoverwa mu sinus node, atrioventricular junction, atrioventricular turakiti uye matavi ayo anogadzira basa remagetsi panguva yekunakidzwa uye kugadzira minda yemagetsi mumuviri. Kuisa simbi probe electrode munharaunda iyi yemagetsi (chero kupi zvako mumuviri) inogona kunyora isina simba ikozvino. Munda wemagetsi unochinja nguva dzose sezvo nguva yekufamba ichichinja.
Nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvemagetsi zvimiro zvematishu uye zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuviri, maelectrode ekuongorora muzvikamu zvakasiyana akarekodha shanduko dzakasiyana dzinogona kuitika mukutenderera kwemoyo wega wega. Idzi shanduko diki dzinogona kukwidziridzwa uye dzakarekodhwa ne electrocardiograph, uye mhedzisiro pateni inonzi electrocardio-gram (ECG). Iyo yechinyakare electrocardiogram inorekodhwa kubva pamusoro pemuviri, inonzi iyo yepamusoro electrocardiogram.
2: Nhoroondo ye electrocardiogram tekinoroji
Muna 1887, Waller, purofesa we physiology paMary's Hospital yeRoyal Society yeEngland, akabudirira kunyora nyaya yekutanga ye electrocardiogram yemunhu ine capillary electrometer, kunyange zvazvo V1 uye V2 mafungu e ventricle chete akanyorwa mumufananidzo, uye mafungu eAtrial P. hazvina kunyorwa. Asi basa guru raWaller uye rinobereka zvibereko rakakurudzira Willem Einthoven, uyo akanga ari muvateereri, uye akaisa hwaro hwekupedzisira kuunzwa kwe electrocardiogram teknolojia.
------------------------ (AugustusDisire Walle)---------------------- ------------------ (Waller akarekodha yekutanga munhu electrocardiogram)--------------------------- ------------------------- (Capillary electrometer)------------
Kwemakore gumi nematatu akatevera, Einthoven akazvipira zvizere pakudzidza kwe electrocardiograms yakanyorwa necapillary electrometers. Akavandudza maitiro akawanda anokosha, kubudirira kushandisa tambo galvanometer, muviri wepamusoro electrocardiogram yakanyorwa pane photosensitive firimu, akanyora electrocardiogram yakaratidza atrial P wave, ventricular depolarization B, C uye repolarization D wave. Muna 1903, electrocardiograms yakatanga kushandiswa kuchipatara. Muna 1906, Einthoven akarekodha maelectrocardiograms eatrial fibrillation, atrial flutter uye ventricular premature beat zvakatevedzana. Muna 1924, Einthoven akapiwa Mubayiro weNobel muMishonga nokuda kwekugadzira kwake electrocardiogram kurekodha.
------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------Chokwadi yakakwana electrocardiogram yakanyorwa naEinthoven-------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------
3:Kukudziridzwa uye musimboti wekutungamira system
Muna 1906, Einthoven akaronga pfungwa ye bipolar limb lead. Mushure mekubatanidza kurekodha ma electrode muruoko rworudyi, ruoko rworuboshwe uye gumbo rekuruboshwe revarwere vari vaviri vaviri, aigona kunyora bipolar lemb lead electrocardiogram (lead I, lead II uye lead III) ine yakakwirira amplitude uye yakagadzikana pateni. Muna 1913, bipolar standard limb conduction electrocardiogram yakatangwa zviri pamutemo, uye yakashandiswa yoga kwemakore makumi maviri.
Muna 1933, Wilson akazopedzisa unipolar lead electrocardiogram, iyo yakasarudza nzvimbo ye zero inogoneka uye yepakati magetsi terminal zvinoenderana nemutemo wazvino waKirchhoff, uye yakamisa iyo 12-lead system yeWilson network.
Zvisinei, muWilson's 12-lead system, electrocardiogram waveform amplitude ye3 unipolar limb inotungamira VL, VR uye VF yakaderera, izvo zvisiri nyore kuyera nekucherechedza shanduko. Muna 1942, Goldberger akaita imwe tsvakiridzo, zvichikonzera kuti unipolar yakamanikidzwa nemakumbo inotungamira ichiri kushandiswa nanhasi: aVL, aVR, uye aVF inotungamira.
Panguva ino, yakajairwa gumi nemaviri-lead system yekurekodha ECG yakaunzwa: 3 bipolar lemb lead (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Einthoven, 1913), 6 unipolar breast inotungamira (V1-V6, Wilson, 1933), uye 3 unipolar compression. nhengo inotungamira (aVL, aVR, aVF, Goldberger, 1942).
4: Maitiro ekuwana yakanaka ECG chiratidzo
1. Kugadzirira kweganda. Sezvo ganda riri mufambisi asina kunaka, kurapwa kwakakodzera kweganda remurwere uko ma electrode akaiswa zvakakosha kuti uwane zvakanaka ECG magetsi emagetsi. Sarudza akati sandara ane tsandanyama shoma
Ganda rinofanirwa kurapwa nenzira dzinotevera: ① Bvisa bvudzi remuviri panoiswa electrode. Geda zvinyoro nyoro paganda panoiswa electrode kuti ubvise masero eganda akafa. ③ Shamba ganda zvakakwana nemvura ine sipo (usashandise ether uye doro rakachena, nokuti izvi zvinowedzera kupikisa kweganda). ④ Bvumira ganda kuti riome zvachose usati waisa electrode. ⑤ Isa mabhatani kana mabhatani usati waisa maelectrodes kumurwere.
2. Chenjerera kuchengetwa kwetambo ye cardiac conductance, kurambidza kupeta uye knotting waya inotungamira, kudzivirira shielding layer yewaya inotungamira kubva pakukuvadzwa, uye panguva yakakodzera chenesa tsvina pane lead clip kana buckle kudzivirira lead oxidation.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-12-2023
